Medicine is the science, art, and discipline of treating a patient with a diagnosis, treatment, prevention or palliation of his disease or injury and caring for his well-being. Medicine encompasses various medical practices developed to keep and restore healthy health by the prevention or treatment of disease. It includes diagnosis, prevention and treatments of diseases as diverse as cancer, orthopedics, geriatrics, cardiology, neurology, infectious diseases, gastroenterology, infectious diseases, rheumatology, rheumatic fever, skin diseases, internal medicine, pediatrics, surgery, pathology, and trauma care. The field of medicine aims at the advancement of knowledge and provides education, through specialized training, to practitioners and other health care workers in the fields related to medicine. In addition, medicine disseminates information to the public on current trends in medicine and on the impact of diseases on society.
Under the field of medicine, medicines are divided into two broad categories: synthetic drugs and therapeutic drugs. The synthetic drugs are chemically synthesized versions of all essential medicines. They are usually approved for use and may contain essential pharmaceutical ingredients that are authorized to be used in medicine. Therapeutic drugs on the other hand, are found in nature and are believed to have therapeutic effects.
A major branch of medicine is that of pharmacology, which mainly deals with the medical uses of drugs. Pharmacology includes the field of medication that treats with drugs and its effects. Some of the drugs found in pharmacology include antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs, cardiovascular drugs, cholesterol lowering drugs, cancer drugs, dosing medications, nerve agents, neurotransmitters, hormones, drugs for depression, drug repressors, steroids, psychotropic drugs, sex hormones, psychotropic drugs, vasoconstrictors and gastrointestinal drugs.
Another area of medicine is bio-medical science that deals with the study of living organisms. The areas of inquiry in this discipline are Nanotechnology, biotechnology, microbiology, nutrition, cellular and tissue structure biology, pharmacology, pharmacogenetics and genetic engineering. These disciplines combine knowledge of various sciences to develop new, more effective, and safe medicines. Some of these drugs are able to treat or even prevent a wide range of diseases.
Medicine is an important branch of science that deals with using a substance as a source of obtaining a cure or relief from a disease. It is also responsible for providing treatments for the patients who are in need of them. Some examples of medicines in medicine include anti-tuberculosis drugs, anti-cancer drugs, heart medicine, chemotherapy drugs, heart valve medicine, pain medicine, dialysis medicines, dental medicine, hormone therapy, immunology, liver medicine, neuropharmacology, nutritional therapy, podiatry, psychology, physiology, pharmacology, psychology, and surgery.
The developing world is yet to discover the full potential of medicine. However, in recent times, the medical community has made great strides in developing and using essential medicines for the people living in the developing world. These medicines may be difficult to produce at home and require access to chemicals and equipment that may not be easily available. This makes it difficult to manufacture enough drugs for every need and this has to be taken into consideration when designing new medicines. Scientists have made tremendous progress in their field and continue to make great achievements in the world today.
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